Rock-drill.



Patented Aug 29, I899.

J. GRANDMAISON. 1 BOOK DRILL.

(Application filed Nov. 8, 1897.)

(No Model.)

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IN ENTER MW Lama. 162

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH GRANDMAISON, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- I-IALF TO FREDERICK D. MAYO, OF SAME PLACE.

ROCK-DRILL.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 631,787, dated August 29, 1899.

Application filed November 8, 1897. Serial No- 7,778- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH GRANDMAISON, a.

setts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rock-Drills; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,

and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates generally to improvements in rock-drill mechanism, and more particularly to improvements in the drill-engine, the mechanism for securing the drill proper in position, and the ratchet for controlling the rotation of the drill.

In the several forms of steam-drill mechanism proposed in the prior art when the valve is in position to shut off steam from either end of the cylinder the steam-pressure acts upon one side only of the peripheral face of that portion of the valve which closes the intakeport and thereby tends to force the valve against the opposite side of the chamber in which it reciprocates and to increase the friction developed by the reciprocation of the valve in its chamber, so that greater steam pressure is required to throw the valve, and consequent loss of power occurs. In accordance with the present invention when the valve is in position to close or substantially close the intake-port at either end of the chamber means are provided whereby the steam-pressure is exerted entirely around that portion of the valve closing the port, so'

that any tendency to crowd the valve against its chamber is obviated and the loss of power above noted does not occur.

I have found in practice that as a steamdrill mechanism wears less sectional area is required in the ports which connect the opposite ends of the valve-chamber with the internal exhaust-chamber commonly formed upon the piston in this class of engines, and to prevent any waste of power which would occur from the cause above stated I have provided shut-off or regulating valves in said ports,'whe'reby the sectional area'open for the flow of steam may be reduced or adjusted, as required, and I desire to say that in so far as I am advised of the art such arrangement is broadly new.

The present invention further consists of an improved form and arrangement of the tongue or key which bears upon the drill as usually inserted in a socket or bushing at the end of the piston-rod, so that said tongue or key is movable with the yoke, which forces the same against the drill, so that said tongue or key can be readily brought in position to permit the insertion of the drill in the bushing.

The present invention also consists of an improved ratchet for controllin g the rotation of the drill and of the devices and combination of devices hereinafterv described and claimed.

The prcsent invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the cylinder and valve-chamber of a steamdrill, showing the piston and valve in elevation and illustrating a preferred form of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a reverse plan View of the base of steam-chest or valve-chamber detached. Fig. 3 is and end View of the ratchet and pawls detached. Fig. '4 illustrates the pawls in plan and side elevation. Fig. 5 is an end view of portion of mechanism for securing the ratchet in position. Fig. 6 is an end View of my improved mechanism for securing the drill upon the piston-rod. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the same with the key and its retaining-yoke removed. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of end of piston-rod, showing the drill-receiving socket and its bushing.

Similarletters of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views.

In the drawings, A represents the cylinder, and B the piston-rod, carrying the piston 1?, upon which is formed the internal cxhaust chamber b. 0 represents the steam-chest or valve-chamber, within which works the valve 0 and which is connected by the steam-passages c c with opposite ends of the cylinder A. The

valve-chamber O is also provided with an ex-' haust-port communicating through the passage c with the atmosphere and is connected by the exhaust-passages c c with the internal exhaust-chamber b. All of the foregoing parts, except as hereinafter pointed out,

may be of any usual and suitable construction and form no part of the presentinvention.

The valve 0 may be of any construction suitable for the purposes hereinafter stated; but I prefer to use a valve having adjacent its opposite ends annular grooves or'chambers c, which take live steam at any position of the valve. The construction of valve illustrated is substantially similar to that shown in Letters Patent of the United States No. 587,575, issued to me August 3, 1897, and no further description thereof is deemed necessary herein.

In accordance with the present invention I have provided an intake-passage 0 which communicates with the steam-chest O, adjacent its opposite ends, and I have formed in the walls of the steam-chest O ann ular grooves at, which when the valve 0 closes either end of theintake-passage (2 allow the live steam to pass entirely around that portion of the valve 0 closing said passage, so that the steam-pressure is uniform around the valve and the valve is not thereby crowdedagainst the wall of its chamber. As shown in- Fig, 1, itwill. be noted that the grooves c are smaller in diameter than the passage a so that the valve 0 covers the grooves 0 before it closes the-passage 0 so that when the valve 0 is at the-limit of the throw in either direction it covers one of the grooves 0 leaving, however, asmall opening at the end of passage c to, permit the flow of steam from said passage into the annular groovec. I have also provided a groove 0", similarly arranged with reference to theexhaust 0 which, however, maybe of same-width as the exhaustportinyalve-chamber. As before stated, the sectional-area ofv the exhaust-passages 0 permitting the passage of steam, as requiredafter, the drill mechanism has become worn,

islesshthanthat required in anew machine,

andtoregulatesuch area and flow of steam through thepassage c I have provided a valve 0 preferably in theform of a threaded bolt or rod (see-Fig, 2) having threaded hearings in the base-plate of the steam'chest O and of substantially the diameter of the passages 0 The bearings which receive the bolts or rods:

above referred to intersect the passages 0 and by a rotation of said bolt or tool it may be set up to close such portion of the passages as shall be found necessary or desirable,

Myimproved pawl-and-ratchet mechanism isdescribed as follows:

Referringmore particularly to Fig. 1 of, the

drawings,b represents the cylinderhead, shown asaremovable plate held in position,

ashereinafter described, in circular recess b in the cylinder. 0" represents the ratchet, which is located within the recess 1) andrests against the head b which forms one of the supporting-plates therefor. The ratchet, r carries a tongue 1', which is provided with the usual spiral ribs and projects through the head 19 into a socket I) (see dotted lines, Fig. 1) in thepiston-rod B, the walls of said socket being provided with spiral grooves engaged by the ribs on the tongue 0" in the usual manner. Surrounding the ratchet r is a ring or collar "r the. inner diameter of which is preferably equal to the longest diameter of the ratchet and which is fitted to the bore of the recess b vided the pawl-receiving chambers 9* W, in which are located the pawls r r and their controlling-springs r r The ratchet r and its ring or collar r are of the same thickness or peripheral width and are supported and held in position by the head Z2 before described, and a supporting-disk 7*, which bears upon the outer faceof said ratchet and collar and which is heldinposition by the crosshead T The cross-head 1' is-heldin position by parallel rods, (see Fig; 5,) which extend along the cylindervand are securedtoasuitable yoke, as is usual inthis class. of ma. chines. The diskm isvnot. only supported, but also held, from rotation by the cross-head r preferably as-follows: Between the. disk 0' and head 7 is interposeda short rod, or bar 1- which engages a groove in'thesouter face ofthe disk r and extends transversely. of the head r beingheld in position upon the head 0"? by means of, suitable lugs-r formed on the head and between which the-rod or bar 4" lies. The collar 1' is: restrained from. rotation by the pins 1- which pass through holes-r in said collar and project upon each side-thereof,,th e projecting portionengaging sockets 1' in thehead b and disk-r respectively. The pawls'r are-preferably construct: ed substantially assliown in. Fig. .4 and are provided with projectingtrunn-ions 0-, which are fittedto turn in bearingsr iuthedislc.

7'7 and head b 7 The above-described:arrangement is such that as the drill rises-it turnstheratchet 0', the pawls 0- passingfreely over the same, and as thedrill descends the paw lsr engage the ratchet r, and the drill is partially rotated-by the spiral ribs engaging thefspiral grooves, before described.

I desire to sayin this'connection thatI am aware that aratchetand pawls, a spiral-ribbed tongue, and. spirally-grooved recess in the piston-rod have been employed. in the prior art as-means for rotating a drill, and the present invention relates only to the. improved form and arrangement of suchrdevicesherejinafter, defined in the claims, whereby I so- Fcure greater efficiency and-strength.

1 As to the constructionlast described, Ides l'sire to further say that it is to be'notedthat the head b ratchet and collar,qand. disk a are held from movement along the recess. in whichthey are located only by means of the jcross-head r and owing to thearrangement jheretofore. described of: the rod r bear only ,against the central; portion of; the cross-head W. The OIOSSrhGELd r is made of suitable thickness and material to act as a spring to head during the operation of the drill.

The gist of the present invention in so far as it relates to an improved means for securing the drill in its socket lies in securing the tongue which bears upon the drill to its supporting-yoke in such manner that when the yoke is pushed back to permit the insertion of the drill the tongue will be sufficiently Withdrawn therefrom to permit the drill to enter.

As I am advised of the art the tongue and yoke above referred to have heretofore been so far independent of each other that when the yoke was pushed back to set the drill inthe socket it did not carry the tongue into a proper position to permit the insertion of the drill, but the tongue had to be set by special act of the operator,causing inconvenience and delay. In accordance with the present invention the yoke 25 may be of any suitable or convenient form, that shown in the drawings being of the usual form and arranged with reference to the drill-receivin g socket t in the usual manner.

T represents what I have herein termed the tongue, which when in position projects into the socket 25 through the slot 25 and bears against the side of the drill D, clamping it against the sides of the socket. As before stated, the tongue T is movable with its yoke t, so that when said yoke is loosened up and pressed back the tongue T is sufficiently withdrawn from the socket i to permit the drill D to enter the same, a result which I secure,

preferably, as follows: In the outside of the tongue T is formed a notch i which receives the yoke 15 when the same is set up to press the tongue against the drill and over which projects an overhanging lug t, which when the yoke t is in place extends sufficiently over the same to cause the tongue T to move back with the yoke. It will be noted that the lug t is so formedand arranged that the yoke 75 by a lateral movement, may be when loosened readily removed from the notch 29, so that my improved arrangement retains all the advantages of former constructions, in which the tongue and yoke were, as before stated, independent of each other. The socket t is provided with a suitable bushing t, in which for convenience of removal I form the perforation 15 which may be engaged by springpressed pins on a removing-tool, such as F, and readily removed when it is desired to replace the same.

Having thus described my invention and its mode of operation, I claim as novel and wish to protect by United States Letters Patent- 1. In combination with a ratchet and its pawls, a supporting-disk for the ratchet, a resilient cross-head and means for supporting the same, a rod or bar interposed between the outer supporting-disk and cross-head, and means upon the cross-head and outer supporting-disk for engaging the bar to prevent a relative rotation of the cross-head and supporting-disk, substantially as described.

2., In a steam-drill mechanism, the combination with the drill-receiving socket and the drill, of a tongue arranged to engage the drill in the socket, a yoke for supporting said tongue, and connections between the tongue and its yoke whereby it may be advanced into the socket or retracted therefrom by a movement of the yoke, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JOSEPH GRANDMAISON.

Witnesses:

CARROLL A. DUINELL, ROBERT S. SIssoN. 

